What We Do Often called "the cradle of California history," Monterey Bay was discovered in the sixteenth century by Spanish explorers who named the area for the Viceroy of New Spain, the Count of Monterrey. The first permanent building, the Mission San Carlos de Borromeo, was constructed in 1770. Six years later, Spain named Monterey the capital of its Pacific empire, and the city became the center of Spanish activity on the Pacific Coast. In 1846, California joined the United States, and Monterey became its first State capital. It was in Monterey that the California constitution was written in 1849. However, after a brief period the capital moved to San Jose, and, as attention shifted to the gold rush in the northern part of the state, Monterey lapsed into relative obscurity. For the first half of the twentieth century, Monterey was the center of the sardine fishing and canning industry, memorialized by John Steinbeck in his novel, Cannery Row. By the 1950's, however, the sardines had disappeared, lost to overfishing and ocean changes. For Monterey, the loss of the canneries was only a temporary setback. Draw by Steinbeck's stories and by natural beauty of the area, outsiders began to discover Monterey. Today, visitors to the area find a revitalized Cannery Row full of shops and nightclubs, as well as the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Other area attractions include fine art galleries, excellent shopping and dining, and famed golf courses. In 1880, the Del Monte Hotel opened on what is now the site of he Naval Postgraduate School. One of the premier luxury hotels of its era, the Del Monte was an immediate success and quickly became one of the world's showplaces. In 1942, the hotel was taken over by the U.S. Navy, which used it as pre-flight school for aviators. During the war, it became apparent that the facilities of the Naval Postgraduate School, which was then located at Naval Academy in Annapolis, MD, would be insufficient for the Navy's future needs. Thus, Congress authorized the purchase of the Del Monte property, and the Postgraduate School was officially moved to Monterey in 1951. Today more than 1,800 students, including over 200 from 35 foreign countries, are enrolled in the 41 curricula now offered by the Postgraduate School. The Main building of the former Del Monte Hotel, now named Herrmann Hall, house the principal administrative offices of the Naval Postgraduate School and is also the home of CCMR. Our Programs CCMR has developed four distinct programs to meet the needs of a broad audience. Civil-Military Relations Program: A series of civil-military relations seminars tailored to the needs of the receiving country. The program takes a phased approach to delivering high-quality education to civil-military audiences. Phase I is an initial visit to the target country for discussions regarding course content and logistics arrangements. Phase II is a 'teach the teacher' seminar in Monterey, the goal of which is to render the visiting delegation capable of conducting its own civil-military relations seminars. Phase III is a CCMR-delivered seminar on an appropriate civil-military relations theme, conducted overseas. Most courses take the form of a Phase III mobile education team (MET). Master's Degree in International Security and Civil-Military Relations: A fifteen-month course of study leading to a master's degree from the Naval Postgraduate School. Executive Program in Civil-Military Relations: A two-week seminar for senior military officers and their civilian counterparts conducted in-residence at the Naval Postgraduate School. Enhanced International Peacekeeping Capabilities (EIPC) Program: A three-phase peace support operations education and training program that is being offered to EIPC recipient countries worldwide. A two-week peacekeeping instructors course is conducted in Monterey twice per year. Our Experience Since its establishment in 1994, CCMR has conducted a wide variety of METs in every region of the world. Dozens of international military officers and civilian officials have received master's degrees in International Security and Civil-Military Relations. An average of twenty senior military officers and civilian officials receive civil-military relations training through the CCMR Executive Program each year. In November of 1998 the Department of Defense designated The Center for Civil-Military Relations as lead agent for developing and implementing the education and training portion of the EIPC initiative. What Makes Us Different CCMR tailors each of its programs to fit the needs and interests of the participants. Working closely with Security Assistance Officers (SAOs), Embassy personnel, and host country officials, CCMR staff will develop a program that addresses civil-military relations critical to the sponsoring country. Why CCMR? The relationship between civilian authorities and the armed forces is critically important to democratic political stability, defense policymaking, and international security cooperation. Many nations, especially those that have emerged from authoritarianism only recently, face an urgent need to recast civil-military relations along democratic lines. Even many long-established democracies may face conflicts over such civil-military issues as defense budgeting, the roles and missions of the armed forces, and the mutual responsibilities of officers and civilians for effective democratic civilian oversight. Recognizing these challenges, the President and Congress of the United States expanded the International Military and Training (IMET) program to provide for the education of international military officers, legislators, and other civilian officials in civil-military relations. In response to this direction, the Center for Civil-Military Relations was established at the Naval Postgraduate School in 1994. Sponsored by DSAA and funded under the E-IMET program, CCMR offers a broad range of high-quality education and training courses in civil-military relations, both in residence and abroad. Our Approach and Objectives CCMR's courses are structured to meet the following objectives: Although CCMR tailors each of its programs to the specific needs and interests of the participants, all of its courses share a common theme: the examination of the underlying sources of civil-military conflict confronted by all democracies and the exploration of alternative mechanisms to enhance civilian control of the military. How We Teach All CCMR courses are taught by specialists with academic expertise and/or practical experience in a wide range of civil-military issues. They utilize a variety of instructional methods, including lectures, readings, and discussion groups. Most CCMR programs also include case studies and simulation exercises, in which participants are presented with a civil-military relations problem drawn from reality and asked to devise solutions. All courses emphasize the importance of interaction between and among participants and faculty. What We Teach The Center for Military relations offers a wide variety of courses, each targeted to a specific audience. Faculty CCMR programs are led by faculty of Naval Postgraduate School, which boats an excellent faculty of 330, some 85 percent of whom are civilians. Virtually all civilian faculty members hold doctoral degrees from the most prestigious universities in the U.S. and abroad. For Civil-Military Relations MET's, CCME also draws on the expertise of practitioners and academic specialist from universities, government agencies, and international organizations. CCMR MET teams have included General and Flag Officers, high-ranking civilian officials from the Department of Defense and NATO, and professors from the National Defense University and the Army war College. Participants are thus able to study civil-military issues from the perspective of both academics and practitioners. CCMR is continually seeking new MET faculty members from both the military and civilian communities with experience and expertise in civil-military relations. Seminar teams almost always involved guest faculty members from the U.S. and allied nations. Examples of CCMR guest faculty used in the recent past include:
* The Honorable Sean O'Keefe, former Secretary of the Navy * General (ret) Fred Woerner, US Army * The Honorable Kim Wincup, formed Assistant Secretary of the Army * General (ret) Wayne A, Downing, US Army * The Honorable Chris Jehn, formed Assistant Secretary of Defense * Lieutenant General (ret) Robert Ord, US Army * Dr. Glen Browder, former congressman from Alabama * Major General (ret) William Jefferds, US Army National Guard * Dr. Barbara Harvey, former CDM, US Embassy Jakarta * Rear Admiral (ret) Clarence Armstrong, US Navy * Dr. Jeffrey Simon, National Defense University * Lieutenant General (ret) Robert Ord, former President, National Defense University * Mr. George Katsirdakis, NATO Planning Staff Contacting the Center for Civil-Military Relations Address: Telephone: Web Site: http://www.ccmr.org CCMR Staff Dr. Thomas C. Bruneau Richard J. Hoffman Darlene Devlin Paul Shemella Ken Dombroski |